Office for National Statistics; National Records of Scotland; Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency; UK Data Service. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5257/census/aggregate-2021-1
Estimates of the risk of hospital admission for coronavirus (COVID-19) and death involving COVID-19 by vaccination status, overall and by age group, using anonymised linked data from Census 2021. Experimental Statistics. __Outcome definitions__ For this analysis, we define a death as involving COVID-19 if either of the ICD-10 codes U07.1 (COVID-19, virus identified) or U07.2 (COVID-19, virus not identified) is mentioned on the death certificate. Information on cause of death coding is available in the [User Guide to Mortality Statistics](https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/methodologies/userguidetomortalitystatisticsjuly2017#cause-of-death-coding). We use date of occurrance rather than date of registration to give the date of the death. We define COVID-109 hospitalisation as an inpatient episode in Hospital Episode Statistics where the primary diagnosis was COVID-19, identified by the ICD-19 codes (COVID-19, virus identified) or U07.2 (COVID-19, virus not identified). Where an individual had experienced more than one COVID-19 hospitalisation, the earliest that occurred within the study period was used. We define the date of COVID-19 hospitalisation as the start of the hospital episode. __ICD-10 code__ U07.1 : _COVID-19, virus identified_ U07.2: _COVID-19, virus not identified_ __Vaccination status is defined by the dose and the time since the last dose received__ Unvaccinated: _no vaccination to less than 21 days post first dose_ First dose 21 days to 3 months: _more than or equal to 21 days post second dose to earliest of less than 91 days post first dose or less than 21 days post second dose_ First dose 3+ months: _more than or equal to 91 days post first dose to less than 21 days post second dose_ Second dose 21 days to 3 months: _more than or equal to 21 days post second dose to earliest of less than 91 days post second dose or less than 21 days post third dose_ Second dose 3-6 months: _more than or equal to 91 days post second dose to earliest of less than 182 days post second dose or less than 21 days post third dose_ Second dose 6+ months: _more than or equal to 182 days post second dose to less than 21 days post third dose_ Third dose 21 days to 3 months: _more than or equal to 21 days post third dose to less than 91 days post third dose_ Third dose 3+ months: _more than or equal to 91 days post third dose_ __Model adjustments__ Three sets of model adjustments were used Age adjusted: _age (as a natural spline)_ Age, socio-demographics adjusted: _age (as a natural spline), plus socio-demographic characteristics (sex, region, ethnicity, religion, IMD decile, NSSEC category, highest qualification, English language proficiency, key worker status)_ Fully adjusted: _age (as a natural spline), plus socio-demographic characteristics (sex, region, ethnicity, religion, IMD decile, NSSEC category, highest qualification, English language proficiency, key worker status), plus health-related characteristics (disability, self-reported health, care home residency, number of QCovid comorbidities (grouped), BMI category, frailty flag and hospitalisation within the last 21 days._ __Age__ Age in years is defined on the Census day 2021 (21 March 2021). Age is included in the model as a natural spline with boundary knots at the 10th and 90th centiles and internal knots at the 25th, 50th and 75th centiles. The positions of the knots are calculated separately for the overall model and for each age group for the stratified model.
COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness estimated using Census 2021 variables, England: 31 March 2021 to 20 March 2022
Office for National Statistics; National Records of Scotland; Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency; UK Data Service.
Estimates of the risk of hospital admission for coronavirus (COVID-19) and death involving COVID-19 by vaccination status, in England, using anonymised linked data from Census 2021. Vaccine effectiveness estimates are given for the whole study population and stratified by age groups. Experimental Statistics.
COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness estimated using Census 2021 variables